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Metabolic
Diseases and Inflammation
Several evidences now demonstrate a close link between
metabolism and immunity. It is now known that obesity
is associated with a state of chronic low-level inflammation.
Simbiosys is interested in the molecular and cellular
underpinnings of obesity-induced inflammation and
the signaling pathways at the intersection of metabolism
and inflammation that contribute to diabetes. Simbiosys
offers ELISA-based assays to detect inflammation factors
from compound treated cell lysates and blood samples
(from in-vivo and clinical studies).
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| Factors |
Metabolic
Regulation
|
Effects |
In-vitro
Model |
| TNF-a |
in Obesity |
Promotes
insulin resistance |
ELISA,
macrophage |
| IL-6 |
in Obesity |
Promotes
insulin resistance; Central anti-obesity
action |
ELISA,
hepatocytes |
| Leptin |
in Obesity |
Multiple
effects on immune function; Suppresses appetite;
Promotes FA oxidation |
ELISA,
adipocytes |
| Adiponectin |
in Obesity |
Anti-inflammatory;
Promotes insulin sensitivity; Stimulates
FA oxidation |
ELISA, adipocytes |
| Resistin |
Variable
in Obesity |
Induced
in endotoxemia / inflammation; Promotes
insulin resistance; Regulates fasting blood
glucose level |
ELISA,
adipocytes |
| IL-1 |
by hyperglycemia |
Proinflammatory;
Regulates insulin secretion; Involved in
central leptin action |
ELISA,
macrophages & monocytes |
| IL-8 |
in Obesity |
Proatherogenic |
ELISA,
monocytes |
| IL-10 |
in Obesity
in Metabolic syndrome |
Anti-inflammatory;
Promotes insulin sensitivity |
ELISA,
lymphocytes |
| IL-18 |
in Obesity |
Proatherogenic |
ELISA, monocytes |
| MCP-1 |
in Obesity |
Proatherogenic;
Promotes insulin resistance |
ELISA,
monocytes |
| MIF |
in Obesity |
Inhibits
macrophage migration |
ELISA,
adipocytes |
| M-CSF |
|
Monocyte/macrophage
differentiation; stimulates adipose growth |
ELISA,
adipocytes |
| TGF-ß |
in Obesity |
Inhibits
adipocyte differentiation and adipose tissue
development; regulates atherosclerosis |
ELISA,
blood serum |
| Soluble
TNFR |
in Obesity |
Pro-inflammatory |
ELISA,
blood serum |
| C-reactive
Protein |
in Obesity |
Pro-inflammatory;
atherogenic; risk factor for diabetes |
ELISA, blood
serum |
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Cancer
and Inflammation
A potential candidate for cancer causation
is chronic inflammation. It is estimated that chronic
inflammation accounts for 20% of all types of human
cancers. Population studies have demonstrated the
increased susceptibility of cells to become cancerous
when exposed to chronic inflammation. Pathological
links between inflammation and cancer is now well
known but knowledge of the signal transduction pathways
underlying them is at an early stage of development.
Simbiosys is developing assaying solutions for the
following inflammatory targets linked to cancer:
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The
inflammatory cytokine Tumor Necrosis Factor
(TNF)-a is found in cancer biopsies and is associated
with increased tumor grade. It is proposed that
inhibiting TNF-a could block a primary cause
of cancer
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The
Nuclear Factor (NF-kB) is proposed to be a pivotal
protein in the link between inflammation and
cancer. It is suspected that inhibiting NF-kB
could halt tumor progression.
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